This post explains for the Voltage Regulator.

The Full Part Number is T7812CT, MCT7812CT.

The function of this semiconductor is Three-Terminal Positive 12V Voltage Regulator.

Manufacturer: Motorola

Preview images :

Description

A 12V voltage regulator refers to a device or integrated circuit (IC) used to regulate and stabilize an input voltage to a constant 12 volts output voltage. It ensures that the output voltage remains steady regardless of changes in the input voltage or variations in the load.

These voltage regulators are monolithic integrated circuits designed as fixed-voltage regulators for a wide variety of applications including local, on-card regulation. These regulators employ internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe-area compensation. With adequate heatsinking they can deliver output currents in excess of 1.0 A. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.

Features:

• Output Current in Excess of 1.0 A
• No External Components Required
• Internal Thermal Overload Protection
• Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting
• Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation
• Output Voltage Offered with a 4% Tolerance
• Available in Surface Mount D2PAK and Standard 3-Lead Transistor Packages

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Voltage regulators are used in various applications, including power supplies, automotive electronics, industrial equipment, consumer electronics, and more. They provide a stable and reliable power source for sensitive electronic components, ensuring proper operation and preventing damage from voltage fluctuations.

T7812CT PDF Datasheet

Part Number: LM317, LM317T

Function: 1.2V TO 37V VOLTAGE REGULATOR

Package: TO-220, TO-220FP, D2Pak, SOT-223 Type

Manufacturer: STMicroelectronics

Images:

Description

The LM317 is monolithic integrated circuits in TO-220, TO-220FP, D²PAK and SOT223 packages intended for use as positive adjustable voltage regulators. They are designed to supply more than 1.5 A of load current with an output voltage adjustable over a 1.2 to 37 V range.
The nominal output voltage is selected by means of a resistive divider, making the device exceptionally easy to use and eliminating the stocking of many fixed regulators.

Features

1. Output voltage range : 1.2 to 37 V

2. Output current in excess of 1.5 A

3. 0.1% line and load regulation

4. Floating operation for high voltages

5. Complete series of protections: current limiting, thermal shutdown and SOA
control

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LM317 vs LM338?

1. Rated voltage and rated current:

The LM317 is a 3 -terminal variable voltage regulator having a maximum output voltage of 37V and a maximum current rating of 1.5A, and the LM338 is a voltage regulator with a maximum output voltage of 32V and a maximum rated current 5A.

2. Power Dissipation:

The LM338 has a higher power dissipation capability than the LM317, allowing you to handle more power without overheating. Therefore, the LM338 is suitable for high current applications that consumy power.

3. Heat Dissipation: Due to its higher power dissipation capability, , the LM338 can generate more heat than the LM317. This means that the heat dissipation must be carefully managed to prevent damage to the regulator or connected circuit.

4. Pin Out: The pin -out of LM317 and LM338 is not the same. That is, the two regulators cannot be used interchangeably without modifying the circuit layout.

Therefore, the LM317 is suitable for low current applications with sufficient output voltage of 37V, and the LM338 is more suitable for high current applications that require maximum rated current 5A.

LM317 PDF Datasheet

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